Finniss Lithium Project Restart Study Presentation
Released
Released
Announcement PDF
ASX:CXO
RESTART STUDY
Finniss Lithium Project
14 May 2025
IMPORTANT AND CAUTIONARY NOTES
This presentation has been prepared by Core Lithium Ltd (“Core”, “Company”) and provides a general
overview of the Company and its strategy.
This presentation does not purport to be all-inclusive or to contain all the information that you or any other
party may require to evaluate the prospects of the Company. None of the Company, any of its related bodies
corporate or any of their representatives assume any responsibility for, or makes any representation or
warranty, express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the information
contained in this presentation and none of those parties have or assume any obligation to provide any
additional information or to update this presentation. The information in this presentation should be read in
conjunction with Core’s other periodic and continuous disclosure announcements lodged with the Australian
Securities Exchange (ASX), which are available at www.asx.com.au.
To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company, its respective affiliates and representatives, related
bodies corporate, officers, employees, partners, agents and advisers make no representation or warranty
(express or implied) as to the currency, accuracy, reliability, reasonableness or completeness of the
information in this presentation and expressly disclaims all responsibility and liability for any loss or damage
arising in respect of your reliance on the information contained in this presentation (including your reliance
on the accuracy, completeness or reliability of that information), or any errors in or omissions from this
presentation, including any liability arising from negligence.
The Finniss Lithium Project as described in this presentation as being in a state of operational readiness, and
potential investors should understand that mineral exploration, development and mining are high-risk
undertakings. There is no guarantee that the Finniss Lithium Project can be economically exploited in the
future.
This document contains statements which may be in the nature of forward-looking statements. No
representation or warranty is given, and nothing in this presentation or any other information made available
by the Company or any other party should be relied upon as a promise or representation, as to the future
condition of the respective businesses and operations of the Company.
Competent Person Statements
The Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves underpinning the production target and forecast financial
information in this announcement have been prepared by competent persons in accordance with the
requirements of the JORC code.
Core confirms that it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the results and
Exploration target included in this announcement as cross referenced in the body of this announcement and
that all technical parameters underpinning the Mineral Resources, Ore Reserves, production target and
forecast financial information derived from the production target continue to apply and have not materially
changed. The announcement references the previously reported Mineral Resource Estimates Ore Reserve
Estimates and Exploration Target; “Finniss Mineral Resource Increased by 58%” on 11 April 2024, “Lithium Ore
Reserve Updated” on 25 September 2024 and “Updated Finniss Lithium Project Ore Reserve and Mineral
Resource Estimate” on 14 May 2025. The Company confirms that the form and context in which the
Competent Person’s findings are presented have not been materially modified from the original
announcements related to previously reported exploration results, exploration target, Ore Reserves and
Mineral Resources.
Currency
Unless otherwise stated, all cashflows are in Australian dollars, are undiscounted and are in real terms (not
subject to inflation/escalation factors).
Forward‐looking Statements
Generally, this forward-looking information can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such
as ‘outlook’, ‘anticipate’, ‘project’, ‘target’, ‘likely’,’ believe’, ’estimate’, ‘expect’, ’intend’, ’may’, ’would’, ’could’,
’should’, ’scheduled’, ’will’, ’plan’, ’forecast’, ’evolve’ and similar expressions. Persons reading this release are
cautioned that such statements are only predictions, and that the Company’s actual future results or
performance may be materially different. Forward-looking information is subject to known and unknown
risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the Company’s actual results, level of activity,
performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such forwardlooking information. Forward-looking information is developed based on assumptions about such risks,
uncertainties and other factors set out herein, including but not limited to general business, economic,
competitive, political and social uncertainties; the actual results of current exploration, development and
construction activities; conclusions of economic evaluations; changes in project parameters as plans continue
to be refined; future prices of lithium; possible variations of ore grade or recovery rates; failure of plant,
equipment or processes to operate as anticipated; accident, labour disputes and other risks of the mining
industry; and delays in obtaining governmental approvals or financing or in the completion of development or
construction activities. This list is not exhaustive of the factors that may affect forward-looking information.
These and other factors should be considered carefully, and readers should not place undue reliance on such
forward-looking information. The Company disclaims any intent or obligations to or revise any forwardlooking statements whether as a result of new information, estimates, or options, future events or results or
otherwise, unless required to do so by law. Statements regarding plans with respect to the Company’s mineral
properties may contain forward-looking statements in relation to future matters that can be only made where
the Company has a reasonable basis for making those statements.
Past Performance
Past performance information given in this presentation is given for illustrative purposes only and should not
be relied upon as (and is not) an indication of future performance.
Production Target
The Restart Study (“Study”) includes a Production Target which contains approximately 12.9% of Inferred
Mineral Resources. An Inferred Mineral Resource has a lower level of confidence than an Ore Reserve or a
Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource, and there is no certainty that further exploration work will result
in the conversion of the Inferred mineralisation into an Ore Reserve or Measured or Indicated Mineral
Resource.
2
CORPORATE OVERVIEW
Experienced Management team in place
PAUL BROWN
Chief Executive Officer
Mining Engineer
25+ years in the mining industry, with deep
expertise in Lithium. Demonstrated success in
operations, strategic growth, and capital markets
JAMES BRUCE
Chief Operating Officer
Mining Engineer and Finance
30+ years of global mining experience across
multiple commodities, with a strong
background in underground operations
ASX Code
Shares
CXO
2,143m
Share Price (13 May 2025)
$0.07
Market Capitalisation
$156.4M
Cash (31 Mar 2025)
Debt
$30M
Nil
JAMES VIRGO
Chief Financial Officer
Chartered Accountant
15+ years in mining finance, specialising in
capital markets, business development, and
investor relations
ANTHONY KIRKE
Project Director
Mechanical Engineer
40+ years leading large-scale construction,
mining operations, and development projects
across diverse commodities
3
OUR PURPOSE
Transformation of
Core into a
sustainable, low
cost supplier of
high-quality
spodumene
concentrate for
decades to come
4
FINNISS LITHIUM PROJECT
Favourably located to access infrastructure and key export growth markets
Producing a highly desirable, low impurity, coarse
grained spodumene concentrate for decades to come
South
Korea
Close to key export markets in Asia and the Middle East
China
Japan
Middle East
Long life, low cost and expandable asset in a Tier 1
jurisdiction
Indonesia
One of the closest lithium operations to an export port
in Australia
The Port of Darwin has sufficient capacity to support
planned operations and future expansion
Finniss Lithium Project
Australia
5
OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
Leveraging significant prior investment and a high-quality resource
• Located on Crown land with all major approvals in place
• Largest landholding in the Bynoe pegmatite field and majority
located within 50km of the process plant
• Site is well maintained and remains restart ready
• Multiple lithium deposits defined with exploration upside
including Exploration Target at Blackbeard of 7-10 Mt @ 1.5 - 1.7%
Li2O
• The Carlton deposit provides a pathway to future development
and expansion
• Modern DMS process plant and all associated infrastructure in
place and transitioning to 100% ownership
• The Study confirms a potential 20 year life excluding any
Blackbeard and BP33 Deeps upside
The Exploration Target is supported by historical drilling, trenching & exploration
results. The potential quantity & grade of the Exploration Target is conceptual in
nature. There has been insufficient exploration to estimate a Mineral Resource & it is
uncertain if further exploration will result in the estimation of a Mineral Resource.
Refer to ASX announcement “Updated Finniss Lithium Project Ore Reserve and Mineral Resource Estimate" on 14 May 2025
6
MINERAL RESOURCE AND UPSIDE
A high-grade Mineral Resource with the majority in Measured and Indicated categories
• The Bynoe Lithium Field contains more than 100
known pegmatites
Resource
Category
Tonnes (Mt)
Li2O (%)
Contained
Li2O (kt)
• Mineral Resources have been declared for 11 deposits
Measured
6.3
1.41
89
• Deposits are typically high-grade, continuous and
open at depth
Indicated
21.9
1.29
283
Inferred
20.3
1.18
239
Total
48.5
1.26
610
Tonnes (Mt)
Li2O (%)
Contained
Li2O (kt)
• Only BP33, Grants and Carlton have been included in
the updated Study
• Together they account for 45% of Mineral
Resources
Mineral
Resource
• Limited drilling outside the Mineral Resource areas
with potential for additions of high-grade, high value
deposits
BP33
10.5
1.53
161
Grants
2.32
1.45
34
• New Exploration Target for Blackbeard shows potential
to add 7-10 Mt of high-grade resource, subject to
further drilling
Carlton
6.34
1.30
83
Exploration
Target
Tonnes (Mt)
Li2O (%)
Contained
Li2O (kt)
Blackbeard
7.0 - 10.0
1.50 - 1.70
105 - 170
BP33 Deeps
3.9 - 6.5
1.50 - 1.60
59 - 104
Refer to ASX announcement “Finniss Mineral Resource Increased by 58%” on 11 April 2024 and “Updated Finniss
Lithium Project Ore Reserve and Mineral Resource Estimate" on 14 May 2025
7
UPDATED ORE RESERVE
High-grade ore mined in the first 10 years of operations
• Total Ore Reserves increased by 15.9% to 10.73Mt
• Grants Ore Reserve doubles with the transition
from open pit to planned underground extraction
• Ore Reserve for BP33 increases by 7.0% to 9.29Mt
• New inclusion of modest Ore Reserve based on
existing low-grade stockpiles and tailings
• Updated estimate is based on assumptions and
modifying factors included in the Study and are in
line with the operating strategy
Deposit
Grants
Underground
BP33
Underground
Stockpiles /
TSF
Total
Reserve
Category
Tonnes
(Mt)
Li2O (%)
Contained
Li2O (kt)
Proved
0.87
1.29
11.2
Probable
0.28
1.36
3.9
Total
1.15
1.31
15.1
Proved
2.56
1.27
32.4
Probable
6.74
1.32
88.9
Total
9.29
1.31
121.3
Proved
-
-
-
Probable
0.28
0.68
1.93
Total
0.28
0.68
1.93
Proved
3.43
1.28
43.6
Probable
7.30
1.30
94.6
Total
10.73
1.29
138.2
Refer to ASX announcement “Updated Finniss Lithium Project Ore Reserve and Mineral Resource Estimate" on 14 May 2025
8
STUDY OVERVIEW
Finniss operating history and foundations of the Restart Study
STUDY OBJECTIVES
To reposition Finniss
as a lower cost and
more resilient
operation
Deliver an
optimised set of
operating and
cost outcomes
STUDY PROCESS
Leverage the significant
investment at Finniss
and its competitive
advantages
Detailed bottom-up
assessment of the
cost base and
operating model
Investigate
opportunities for
increased mining
and processing
efficiency
Complete trade-off
studies between
capital costs,
operating costs and
product outcomes
TIMELINE
2016
2019
Lithium
discovery
Completion
of DFS
2022
2023
DMS Plant
construction
commences
2024
First
shipment
Decision to
pause
operations
2025
Ore
Restart
Reserve Study
update starts
Delivery of
Restart
Study
9
KEY DRIVERS OF THE STUDY
Enhanced metrics delivered through conventional and deliverable operational changes
SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVED PROJECT
Metric
% Change1
Key Driver
Mining Methodology
All underground
Processing Capacity (Mtpa)
20%
Upgrading plant, simplifying flowsheet and increasing throughput
Mine Production (Mtpa)
20%
Higher underground mining productivity relative to open pit
Mine Life (years)
111%
The Study underpinned by 17.3Mt of ore with upside
UG Mining Costs ($/t)
40%
Optimised mining costs exploiting large, continuous stopes
Processing Costs ($/t)
33%
Revised operating model with 100% infrastructure ownership
Pre-Production Capex ($M)
29%
Improved capex profile across mining and processing
Underground mining extends Grants, BP33 and Carlton
1.
Change from FY24 Reserves: Refer to Appendix 6 for details. Refer to ASX announcement "Lithium Ore Reserve Update" on 25
September 2024
10
RESTART STUDY OUTCOMES
Pathway to a lower cost, more resilient operation delivering Free Cash Flow of $1.2 billion1
SIGNIFICANT OPERATING COST REDUCTIONS2
Mining costs down 40% to $63 – $72/t
Processing costs down 33% to $40 – $46/t
Forecast unit operating costs of $690 – 785/t (FOB SC6 eq.)
20 year
mine life
1,200
Tonnes (kt)
Study outlines a potential 20 year mine life
Updated Ore Reserve of 10.73Mt @ 1.29% Li2O
First 10 years of operations 94% Ore Reserve backed
•
•
•
All deposits high-grade, continuous and steeply dipping
Underground mining provides quality ore feed to the plant
Extends mine life of Grants and provides access for Carlton
0.80%
600
0.60%
0.40%
200
0.20%
0
0.00%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
…
20
Year
INCREASED PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY
•
•
•
1.40%
1.00%
800
400
ALL MINING TO MOVE UNDERGROUND
1.60%
1.20%
1,000
UPDATED ORE RESERVE SUPPORTS THE STUDY3
•
•
•
1,400
Grade (%)
•
•
•
Processing capacity increased to 1.2Mtpa
Plant optimisation to deliver global recoveries of 78%
Potential 20 year mine life with a nameplate production of
~205ktpa SC6 eq.
Grants
BP33 Reserves
BP33 Inferred
Carlton M+I
Grade (%)
Refer to ASX announcement "Finniss Repositioned as a Highly Attractive Low-Cost Operation with a 20-Year Life“
on 14 May 2025. The Study contains approximately 12.9% of Inferred Mineral Resources. An Inferred Mineral
Resource has a lower level of confidence than an Ore Reserve or a Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource and
there is no certainty that further exploration work will result in the conversion of the Inferred mineralisation into
an Ore Reserve or Measured or Indicated Mineral Resource.
1.Based on consensus with a long-term SC6 price of USD 1,330/t CIF and an exchange rate of AUD/USD $0.70
2.Refer to ASX announcement "Finniss Repositioned as a Highly Attractive Low-Cost Operation with a 20-Year Life“ on 14 May 2025
3.Refer to ASX announcement “Updated Finniss Lithium Project Ore Reserve and Mineral Resource Estimate" on 14 May 2025
11
SUSTAINABILITY
A commitment to local employment and sustainability
• Strong and supportive Northern Territory (NT) and
Federal Government
• Previous operating experience with proven track record of
local community engagement and high environmental
performance
• Wet season water management infrastructure and
systems established and operating well
• Site is in full regulatory and environmental compliance
• Study deliveries significant local benefits:
• Creation of over 400 direct and indirect job
opportunities in the NT
• Attractive “drive in, drive out” roster opportunities
• Upskilling and training opportunities
• Partnering with NT businesses
• Total royalties payable of over +$400M over life of
Study
12
UNDERGROUND ADVANTAGE
Significant advantages gained from a switch to
fully underground mining
• Deposits are high-grade, continuous, steeply
dipping and open at depth
• These characteristics make them well suited to
underground mining
• Advantages of underground mining include:
• Smaller surface footprint
• Key deposits are amenable to low cost, highly
productive, long hole open stoping (LHOS)
mining method
• Reduced waste and mining dilution and
increased plant feed quality
• Paste fill reduces tailings quantities
• Extends the life of the operation
• Produce a high-quality, coarse-grained spodumene
concentrate
• No flotation circuit is required to achieve the revised
recovery rate
13
MINING – BP33
BP33 Underground Mine
• Located 6km from the process plant
• Large, sub-vertical continuous orebody with mining
widths of 8m – 40m ideally suited to LHOS
• Orebody width and consistency drives low underground
mining costs of $63-72/t
• High Ore Reserve conversion (+80%) with current mine life
of 12 years
• Deposit drilled to a depth of ~800m and remains open
with extension potential
Refer to ASX announcement “Mineral Resource at BP33 increased to
89% Measured and Indicated" on 16 October 2023.
14
MINING – GRANTS
Transitions to underground mining
•
Trade off study undertaken to
consider open pit and underground
mining methods
•
Underground mining reduces costs
(due to waste strip in open pit),
improves ore feed quality and
extends life
•
High understanding of the orebody
and its metallurgy based on previous
operations and Study testwork
•
Portal to be installed at the southern
end of the pit which also provides
future access to the Carlton deposit
through a planned ~1,200m link drive
15
PROCESS UPGRADES
Optimisation plan to boost performance
• Staged plan to debottleneck and
enhance plant performance:
New
Existing
Floats crusher
Existing with
modifications
• Screens, floats crusher and tails
thickener upgrades
Ore /
Concentrate
• Inclusion of gravity classifier circuit,
maintains simplicity and better
overall economic outcome
Rejects
• Will result in a 20% increase in
throughput capacity to 1.2Mtpa
Crushed ore
stockpile
Primary fine
(DMS)
Primary sizing
screen
Tailings
Water
Recovery
Fine rejects
Stockpile
Secondary sizing
screen
Ultra fine
(DMS)
Mica circuit
• No requirement for a flotation plant
• Allows for dry stacked tailings which
extends tailings capacity and reduces
capital for a future tailings dam lifts
• Flexibility to produce high quality,
coarse grained, low impurity, low
moisture, Spodumene with grades
between 5.0 and 6.0%
Secondary fine
(DMS)
Gravity
circuit
Tailings
thickener
Gravity
concentrate
stockpile
Tailings
storage facility
Mica stockpile
Gravity
rejects
stockpile
DMS
spodumene
Concentrate
stockpile
Ultra fine
rejects
stockpile
Process
water
16
PROCESS STRATEGY
Acquisition of crushing plant
•
Recent acquisition of crushing circuit and
associated infrastructure will significantly
reduce processing costs
•
Revised operating model lowers head
count, increases throughput, and
reduces the reliance on contractors
•
Previous crushing costs accounted for
15% of cash unit operating costs in FY24
•
Forecast crushing costs to reduce by half
under a revised operating model
•
Crushing circuit provides options for higher
capacity to support an expanded future
processing rate
17
PROVEN LOGISTICS
Infrastructure in place for operations
•
Access to low cost, established export
infrastructure
•
No upgrades required to the existing
infrastructure corridor connecting site with
the Port of Darwin
•
Sufficient capacity exists at the Port of
Darwin to accommodate the planned
concentrate export rate and expansion
•
Sealed road between site and the port
allow for haulage throughout the wet
season
•
Well established water management and
infrastructure supporting future
processing requirements
18
COST COMPARISON
Competitive operating costs relative to Australian lithium operations of $690 to $785/t1
Unit Operating Cost (FOB) $/t
$1,200
$1,000
Finniss
$800
$600
$400
$200
$-
Production
1. Finniss operating costs based on a range of $690 – 785/t
19
CAPITAL COSTS AND FUNDING
An attractive project with funding options
Item
Unit
Total
Grants Underground Infrastructure
$M
40 – 50
BP33 Underground Infrastructure
$M
110 – 120
Plant and Site Infrastructure Upgrade
$M
25 – 30
Total Pre-production Capital Cost
$M
175 – 200
$/t mined
20 – 22
• Pre-production capital of $175 – $200M
• Core is debt free
• Cash balance of $30M1 sufficient to support near-term
working capital requirements and the advancement of
a funding solution
• Prioritising funding pathways that minimise dilution
for Core shareholders
• Discussions progressing to secure funding
alternatives across a wide range of opportunities
Sustaining Capital Cost
Refer to ASX announcement "Finniss Repositioned as a Highly Attractive Low-Cost Operation with a 20-Year Life“
on 14 May 2025. The range disclosed above is inclusive of relevant contingency.
• Final investment decision will be subject to securing a
sufficiently attractive funding pathway
1. As at 31 March 2025. Refer to ASX announcement “March Quarterly Activities Report” on 29 April 2025
20
FORWARD WORK PLAN
Key objectives for the remainder of 2025
Board endorsement of the
Study received
Forward work program will
continue to advance Finniss
towards FID
Advancement of funding and
strategic discussions
Commencement of Front End
Engineering Design
Planning of a drill program for
Blackbeard
Site and infrastructure will
continue to be maintained in a
Restart Ready state
21
POTENTIAL PRODUCTION UPSIDE
Potential to extend mine life, increase production and deliver economies of scale over time
Pathway to upgrade the
plant throughput in
future beyond 1.2Mtpa
Plant throughput
Expansion Potential to
bring forward Carlton
Extension Potential
for BP33 Deeps and
Blackbeard
Potential for mining at
Carlton and Blackbeard
to be brought forward
and adding to mine plan
Exploration will target
resource extensions and
new lithium discoveries
1.2Mt
1
1.0Mt
1.0Mt
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Year
22
Restart strategy transforms Finniss into a long life,
scalable, underground operation producing a highquality spodumene concentrate with the ability to
operate through all price cycles
23
CONTACT
Core Lithium Ltd
Level 9, 2 Mill Street
Perth, WA, 6000
info@corelithium.com.au
Investor Enquiries
Paul Brown
CEO
+61 8 8317 1700
Media Enquiries
Michael Vaughan
Fivemark Partners
+61 422 602 720
Authorised for release by the Board of Core Lithium Ltd
APPENDIX 1 – FINNISS HISTORY
Significant operating dataset has been utilised to de-risk the Study outcomes
•
Lithium discovery in 2016
•
Mineral Lease granted in early 2019
12,000
•
Total capital investment to date of +$250M
10,000
•
Steady ramp-up of concentrate production and
recovery over ~18 months to mid-2024
8,000
A substantial real-life dataset generated during
operations supports the Study outcomes
4,000
•
•
Proven year-round logistics chain
•
New Management team with lithium experience
appointed, in 2024 to reposition the Finniss cost base
and operating plan:
•
Ore Reserve update
•
High-grade Blackbeard discovery
•
Study completed
65%
60%
55%
6,000
50%
45%
2,000
-
40%
DMS Output (t) RHS
Recovery (LHS)
25
APPENDIX 2 – RESTART STUDY PHYSICAL OUTCOMES
Produces a high quality, coarse-grained spodumene concentrate
Metric
Life of Mine (LOM)
Years
20
Ore mined
kt
17,292
Reprocessed tailings
kt
283
Nameplate production throughput
ktpa
1,200
Total ore processed
kt
17,575
Study average feed grade
%
1.27
Study lithium recovered
kt
174.8
Nameplate concentrate produced (SC6 eq.)
ktpa
205
Study concentrate produced (SC6 eq.)
kt
2,911
1,400
1.60%
20 year
mine life
1,200
1,000
1.40%
1.20%
1.00%
800
0.80%
600
0.60%
400
Feed Grade (%)
Units
Tonnes (kt)
Parameter
0.40%
200
0.20%
0
0.00%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
…
20
Year
Feed Tonnes (kt)
Feed Grade (%)
Refer to ASX announcement "Finniss Repositioned as a Highly Attractive Low-Cost Operation with a 20-Year Life“
on 14 May 2025. The Study contains approximately 12.9% of Inferred Mineral Resources. An Inferred Mineral
Resource has a lower level of confidence than an Ore Reserve or a Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource
and there is no certainty that further exploration work will result in the conversion of the Inferred mineralisation
into an Ore Reserve or Measured or Indicated Mineral Resource.
26
APPENDIX 3 – COMPETITIVE OPERATING COSTS
Highly competitive costs achieved through optimised mining and processing
• New operating cost model provides significant
lithium pricing downside resilience and upside
leverage
Cost Centre1
Mining
Unit
Metric
$/t mined
63 – 72
• Refinement in mining and physical parameters
have reduced total operating costs
substantially by 23%
Processing & Tailings
$/t processed
40 – 46
General & Administration
$/t processed
9 – 10
• Mining costs have fallen by 40% from $120/t to
$63 – $72/t
Transport
$/t product
22 – 25
$/t
690 – 785
• Underground mining costs are consistent with
mining costs of other sub-vertical orebodies
Unit operating cost (SC6 eq.)1
Refer to ASX announcement "Finniss Repositioned as a Highly Attractive Low-Cost Operation with a 20-Year Life“ on 14 May 2025.
• Processing costs reduced 33% from $69/t to
$40 – $46/t
• Reduction in costs to mitigate operating risk
during market downturns
1. Unit operating cost (FOB excluding royalties) includes mining, processing, haulage, port charges, and site-based general and
administration costs. It is calculated on an SC6 equivalent basis. The range disclosed above is inclusive of relevant contingency.
27
APPENDIX 4 – JORC MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATE
Measured
Indicated
Inferred
Total
Tonnes
(Mt)
Li2O%
Li2O
Contained
Metal (kt)
Tonnes
(Mt)
Li2O%
Li2O
Contained
Metal (kt)
Tonnes
(Mt)
Li2O%
Li2O
Contained
Metal (kt)
Tonnes
(Mt)
Li2O%
Li2O
Contained
Metal (kt)
Grants
1.34
1.48
19.8
0.61
1.49
9.1
0.37
1.27
4.7
2.32
1.45
33.6
BP33
2.85
1.44
41.0
6.51
1.55
101
1.14
1.59
18.1
10.5
1.53
161
Carlton
2.14
1.33
28.5
3.43
1.32
45.3
0.78
1.14
8.9
6.34
1.3
82.6
Lees
-
-
-
4.16
1.18
49.1
7.08
1.12
79.3
11.2
1.14
128
Ah Hoy
-
-
-
1.71
1.2
20.5
2.93
1.38
40.4
4.64
1.31
60.8
Booths
-
-
-
1.84
0.99
18.2
1.4
1.06
14.8
3.24
1.02
33
Penfolds
-
-
-
0.65
1.25
8.1
0.71
1.24
8.8
1.36
1.24
16.9
Hang Gong
-
-
-
1.51
1.18
17.8
1.95
1.14
22.2
3.46
1.16
40.1
Sandras
-
-
-
1.17
0.92
10.8
0.57
0.82
4.7
1.73
0.89
15.4
Bilatos
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.92
1.03
19.8
1.92
1.03
19.8
Seadog
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.41
1.18
16.6
1.41
1.18
16.6
Total
6.33
1.41
89.3
21.6
1.3
282
20.3
1.18
239
48.2
1.26
608
-
-
-
0.31
0.66
2
-
-
-
0.31
0.66
2.0
6.33
1.41
89.3
21.9
1.29
283
20.3
1.18
239
48.5
1.26
610
Mineral Resource
TSF/Rejects
Total
Note: Totals within this table are subject to rounding
Refer to ASX announcement “Finniss Mineral Resource Increased by 58%” on 11 April 2024 and “Updated Finniss Lithium Project Ore Reserve and Mineral Resource Estimate" on 14 May 2025
28
APPENDIX 5 – JORC ORE RESERVE ESTIMATE
Deposit
BP33
Underground
Grants
Underground
TSF/Stockpiles
Total
Category
Ore Tonnes
(Mt)
Li2O (%)
Contained
Li2O (kt)
Proved
2.55
1.27
32.4
Probable
6.74
1.32
88.8
Total
9.29
1.31
121.2
Proved
0.87
1.29
11.2
Probable
0.28
1.36
3.8
Total
1.15
1.31
15.1
Proved
-
-
-
Probable
0.28
0.68
1.9
Total
0.28
0.68
1.9
Proved
3.42
1.28
43.6
Probable
7.30
1.30
94.6
Total
10.73
1.29
138.2
Notes
1. Effective date of the Ore Reserves is 30 April 2025.
2. Ore Reserves are the total for the Grants and BP33 Mines and TSF/Stockpiles.
3. The long-term Spodumene price used for calculating the financial analysis is
US$1,330/t. The analysis has been calculated with assumptions for crushing,
processing and treatment charges, deductions and payment terms, concentrate
transport, metallurgical recoveries, and royalties.
4. The breakeven cut-off for underground mining at Grants and BP33 is $110/t NSR
5. Measured Mineral Resources were used to estimate Proved Ore Reserves; Indicated
Mineral Resources were used to estimate Probable Ore Reserves.
6. Tonnage and grade estimates include dilution and recovery allowances.
7. The Ore Reserves reported above are not additive to the Mineral Resources.
8. Totals within this table are subject to rounding.
9. Refer to ASX announcement “Updated Finniss Lithium Project Ore Reserve and Mineral
Resource Estimate" on 14 May 2025
29
APPENDIX 6 – OUTCOMES OF THE STUDY
Significant improvements in mine life, mining and processing efficiency at a high return on capital invested
SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVED PROJECT
FY24 Reserve1
Study2
% Change
Mining Methodology
Open Pit & Underground
Underground
All underground
Processing Capacity (Mtpa)
1.0
1.2
20%
Mine Production (Mtpa)
1.0
1.2
20%
Mine Life (years)
9.5
20
111%
UG Mining Costs ($/t)
120
63 – 72
40%
Processing Costs ($/t)
69
40 – 46
33%
Pre-Production Capex ($M)
282
175 – 200
29%
Metric
1.
2.
Refer to ASX announcement "Lithium Ore Reserve Update" on 25 September 2024
Refer to ASX announcement "Finniss Repositioned as a Highly Attractive Low-Cost Operatio
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